> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.near.org/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Frontend Interacting with Multiple Contracts

> Interact with multiple contracts in your frontend.

export const Github = ({url, start, end, fname, withSourceLink = true}) => {
  const [code, setCode] = useState(null);
  function toRaw(ref) {
    const fullUrl = ref.slice(ref.indexOf('https'));
    const [url] = fullUrl.split('#');
    const [org, repo, , branch, ...pathSeg] = new URL(url).pathname.split('/').slice(1);
    return `https://raw.githubusercontent.com/${org}/${repo}/${branch}/${pathSeg.join('/')}`;
  }
  async function fetchCode(url, fromLine, toLine) {
    let res;
    if (typeof window !== 'undefined') {
      const validUntil = localStorage.getItem(`${url}-until`);
      if (validUntil && Number(validUntil) > Date.now()) {
        res = localStorage.getItem(url);
      }
    }
    if (!res) {
      try {
        res = await (await fetch(url)).text();
        if (typeof window !== 'undefined') {
          localStorage.setItem(url, res);
          localStorage.setItem(`${url}-until`, String(Date.now() + 60000));
        }
      } catch {
        return 'Error fetching code, please try reloading';
      }
    }
    let body = res.split('\n');
    const from = fromLine ? Number(fromLine) - 1 : 0;
    const to = toLine ? Number(toLine) : body.length;
    body = body.slice(from, to);
    const precedingSpace = body.reduce((prev, line) => {
      if (line.length === 0) return prev;
      const spaces = line.match(/^\s+/);
      if (spaces) return Math.min(prev, spaces[0].length);
      return 0;
    }, Infinity);
    return body.map(line => line.slice(precedingSpace === Infinity ? 0 : precedingSpace)).join('\n');
  }
  function buildSourceUrl(url, start, end) {
    const base = url.split('#')[0];
    if (start && end) return `${base}#L${start}-L${end}`;
    if (start) return `${base}#L${start}`;
    return base;
  }
  useEffect(() => {
    const rawUrl = toRaw(url);
    fetchCode(rawUrl, start, end).then(res => setCode(res));
  }, [url, start, end]);
  const sourceUrl = buildSourceUrl(url, start, end);
  const startLine = start ? Number(start) : 1;
  const fileName = fname ?? sourceUrl.split('/').pop();
  return <div className="rounded-[0.625rem] border border-[#d0d7de] dark:border-[#30363d] overflow-hidden my-5 text-[0.8125rem] font-mono shadow-sm dark:shadow-[0_4px_24px_rgba(0,0,0,0.18)]">

      {}
      <div className="flex items-center justify-between py-2 px-[0.875rem] bg-[#f6f8fa] dark:bg-[#161b22] border-b border-[#d0d7de] dark:border-[#30363d]">
        <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-[#656d76] dark:text-[#8b949e]">
          <svg width="15" height="15" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor">
            <path d="M12 0C5.37 0 0 5.37 0 12c0 5.31 3.435 9.795 8.205 11.385.6.105.825-.255.825-.57 0-.285-.015-1.23-.015-2.235-3.015.555-3.795-.735-4.035-1.41-.135-.345-.72-1.41-1.23-1.695-.42-.225-1.02-.78-.015-.795.945-.015 1.62.87 1.845 1.23 1.08 1.815 2.805 1.305 3.495.99.105-.78.42-1.305.765-1.605-2.67-.3-5.46-1.335-5.46-5.925 0-1.305.465-2.385 1.23-3.225-.12-.3-.54-1.53.12-3.18 0 0 1.005-.315 3.3 1.23.96-.27 1.98-.405 3-.405s2.04.135 3 .405c2.295-1.56 3.3-1.23 3.3-1.23.66 1.65.24 2.88.12 3.18.765.84 1.23 1.905 1.23 3.225 0 4.605-2.805 5.625-5.475 5.925.435.375.81 1.095.81 2.22 0 1.605-.015 2.895-.015 3.3 0 .315.225.69.825.57A12.02 12.02 0 0 0 24 12c0-6.63-5.37-12-12-12z" />
          </svg>
          <span className="text-xs font-medium text-[#1f2328] dark:text-[#e6edf3]">
            {fileName}
          </span>
        </div>
        {start && end && <span className="text-[0.6875rem] text-[#656d76] dark:text-[#8b949e] bg-[#eaeef2] dark:bg-[#21262d] border border-[#d0d7de] dark:border-[#30363d] rounded-full py-0.5 px-2">
            Lines {start}–{end}
          </span>}
      </div>

      {}
      <div className="overflow-auto max-h-[480px] bg-white dark:bg-[#0d1117] [&_tr]:border-b-0 [&_td]:border-b-0">
        {code === null ? <div className="py-5 px-4 text-xs text-[#656d76] dark:text-[#6e7681]">
            Loading...
          </div> : <table className="w-full border-collapse leading-[1.6]">
            <tbody>
              {code.split('\n').map((line, i) => <tr key={i} className="align-top border-0">
                  <td style={{
    minWidth: '60px'
  }} className="select-none pl-2 pr-3 text-right text-[0.7rem] text-[#8c959f] dark:text-[#3d444d] w-[1%] whitespace-nowrap border-r border-0 border-r-[#d0d7de] dark:border-r-[#21262d]">
                    {startLine + i}
                  </td>
                  <td className="pl-4 pr-6 text-[0.8125rem] text-[#1f2328] dark:text-[#e6edf3] whitespace-pre">
                    {line || ' '}
                  </td>
                </tr>)}
            </tbody>
          </table>}
      </div>

      {}
      {withSourceLink && <div className="flex justify-end py-1.5 px-[0.875rem] bg-[#f6f8fa] dark:bg-[#161b22] border-t border-[#d0d7de] dark:border-[#21262d]">
          <a href={sourceUrl} target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" className="text-[0.6875rem] font-medium text-[#656d76] dark:text-[#8b949e] no-underline flex items-center gap-[0.3rem] hover:text-[#1f2328] dark:hover:text-[#e6edf3] transition-colors">
            View on GitHub
            <svg width="11" height="11" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" strokeWidth="2.5" strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round">
              <path d="M18 13v6a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V8a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h6" />
              <polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9" />
              <line x1="10" y1="14" x2="21" y2="3" />
            </svg>
          </a>
        </div>}
    </div>;
};

This example showcases how to interact with multiple contracts from a single frontend.

Particularly, this example shows how to:

1. Query data from multiple contracts.
2. Call methods in multiple contracts simultaneously.

***

## Query Data from Multiple Contracts

To query multiple contracts simply perform multiple `view` calls:

<Github fname="index.js" url="https://github.com/near-examples/frontend-multiple-contracts/blob/main/frontend/index.js" start="70" end="76" />

***

## Dispatching Multiple Transactions

The `wallet` object enables to dispatch multiple transactions simultaneously. However, please notice that the transactions execute independently.

Dispatching multiple transactions at once is just a nice way to improve UX, because the user interacts with the wallet only once.

<Github fname="index.js" url="https://github.com/near-examples/frontend-multiple-contracts/blob/main/frontend/index.js" start="35" end="62" />

In this example, the user signs two independent transactions:

1. A transaction to call `set_greeting` in our [Hello NEAR example](https://github.com/near-examples/hello-near-examples)
2. A transaction to call `add_message` in our [GuestBook example](https://github.com/near-examples/guest-book-examples)

<Warning>
  Even when the user accepts signing the transactions at the same time, the
  transactions remain **independent**. This is, if one fails, the other is **NOT** rolled back.
</Warning>

***

## Batch Actions

You can aggregate multiple [actions](../../smart-contracts/anatomy/actions) directed towards a same contract into a single transaction. Batched actions execute **sequentially**, with the added benefit that, if **one fails** then they **all** get reverted.

```js theme={"theme":{"light":"github-light","dark":"github-dark"}}
  // Register a user and transfer them FT on a single take
  const REGISTER_DEPOSIT = "1250000000000000000000";

  const ftTx = {
    receiverId: FT_ADDRESS,
    actions: [
      {
        type: 'FunctionCall',
        params: {
          methodName: 'storage_deposit',
          args: { account_id: "<receiver-account>" },
          gas: THIRTY_TGAS, deposit: REGISTER_DEPOSIT
        }
      },
      {
        type: 'FunctionCall',
        params: {
          methodName: 'ft_transfer',
          args: { receiver_id: "<receiver-account>", amount: amount_in_yocto },
          gas: THIRTY_TGAS, deposit: 1 }
      }
    ]
  }

  // Ask the wallet to sign and send the transaction
  await wallet.signAndSendTransactions({ transactions: [ ftTx ] })
```
