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복잡한 교차 컨트랙트 호출(Cross Contract Call)

이 예제는 복잡한 교차 컨트랙트 호출의 3가지 인스턴스를 나타냅니다. 특히 다음과 같은 것들을 보여줍니다.

  1. How to batch multiple function calls to a same contract.
  2. How to call multiple contracts in parallel, each returning a different type.
  3. Different ways of handling the responses in the callback.
Simple Cross-Contract Calls

Check the tutorial on how to use simple cross-contract calls

Obtaining the Cross Contract Call Example​

You have two options to start the Donation Example:

  1. You can use the app through Github Codespaces, which will open a web-based interactive environment.
  2. Clone the repository locally and use it from your computer.
CodespacesClone locally
Open in GitHub Codespaces🌐 https://github.com/near-examples/cross-contract-calls

Structure of the Example​

The smart contract is available in two flavors: Rust and JavaScript

┌── sandbox-ts # sandbox testing
│    ├── external-contracts
│    │    ├── counter.wasm
│    │    ├── guest-book.wasm
│    │    └── hello-near.wasm
│    └── main.ava.ts
├── src # contract's code
│    ├── internal
│    │    ├── batch_actions.ts
│    │    ├── constants.ts
│    │    ├── multiple_contracts.ts
│    │    ├── similar_contracts.ts
│    │    └── utils.ts
│    └── contract.ts
├── package.json
├── README.md
└── tsconfig.json

Smart Contract​

일괄 Action​

동일한 컨트랙트에 대한 여러 작업을 하나의 트랜잭션으로 모을 수 있습니다. 일괄 Action은 순차적으로 실행되며, 하나가 실패 하면 모두 되돌려진다는 추가 이점이 있습니다.

Getting the Last Response​

In this case, the callback has access to the value returned by the last action from the chain.

Calling Multiple Contracts​

A contract can call multiple other contracts. 이렇게 하면 모두 병렬로 실행되는 여러 트랜잭션이 생성됩니다. If one of them fails the rest ARE NOT REVERTED.

Getting All Responses​

In this case, the callback has access to an array of responses, which have either the value returned by each call, or an error message.

Multiple Calls - Same Result Type​

This example is a particular case of the previous one (Calling Multiple Contracts). 이는 단순히 promise_result 어레이에 직접 액세스하여 결과를 확인하는 다른 방법을 보여줍니다.

이 경우, 동일한 자료형을 반환하는 여러 컨트랙트를 호출합니다.

Getting All Responses​

In this case, the callback again has access to an array of responses, which we can iterate checking the results.

Testing the Contract​

The contract readily includes a set of unit and sandbox testing to validate its functionality. To execute the tests, run the following commands:

cd contract-advanced-ts
yarn
yarn test
팁

The integration tests use a sandbox to create NEAR users and simulate interactions with the contract.

Deploying the Contract to the NEAR network​

In order to deploy the contract you will need to create a NEAR account.

# Optional - create an account
near create-account <accountId> --useFaucet

# Deploy the contract
cd contract-advanced-ts
yarn build
near deploy <accountId> ./build/cross_contract.wasm --initFunction init --initArgs '{"hello_account":"hello.near-example.testnet","guestbook_account":"guestbook_account.near-example.testnet","counter_account":"counter_account.near-example.testnet"}'

CLI: Interacting with the Contract​

To interact with the contract through the console, you can use the following commands:

# Execute contracts sequentially
# Replace <accountId> with your account ID
near call <accountId> batch_actions --accountId <accountId> --gas 300000000000000   

# Execute contracts in parallel
# Replace <accountId> with your account ID
near call <accountId>  multiple_contracts --accountId <accountId> --gas 300000000000000   

# Execute multiple instances of the same contract in parallel
# Replace <accountId> with your account ID
near call <accountId> similar_contracts --accountId <accountId> --gas 300000000000000
정보

If at some point you get an "Exceeded the prepaid gas" error, try to increase the gas amount used within the functions when calling other contracts

Versioning for this article

At the time of this writing, this example works with the following versions:

  • near-cli: 4.0.13
  • node: 18.19.1
  • rustc: 1.77.0
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